Do you know that cars are classified according to the arrangement of camshafts?

Upper camshaft type

The camshaft of the upper camshaft valve mechanism is installed on the cylinder head. Generally, there are two forms: one is a single camshaft type; the other is It is a double camshaft type.

Single camshaft type

Double camshaft type

Mid-mounted camshaft type

Mid-mounted camshaft type

When the engine speed is high In order to reduce the reciprocating quality of the valve drive mechanism, the camshaft position can be moved to the upper part of the cylinder block, and the camshaft directly drives the rocker arm through the tappet without the push rod. This structure is called a center Engine Camshaft For Mercedes Benz Axis type. Because this structure will cause the centerline of the camshaft to be farther from the centerline of the crankshaft, if a pair of gears is still used to transmit power, the diameter of the gears must be larger, which will not only affect the overall dimensions of the engine, but also The peripheral speed of the gear is too high. In this case, it is generally necessary to add an intermediate gear between the two timing gears, which is usually called an idler gear.

Lower camshaft type

Lower camshaft type

Lower camshaft type The structural feature is that the camshaft is arranged in the crankcase. Since the valve is far away from the camshaft, the valve transmits power through tappets, push rods, and rocker arms. Therefore, there are many transmission links and long routes. When moving at high speeds, the entire system will produce elastic deformation, which affects the regularity of valve movement. The accuracy of valve opening and closing, so it is not suitable for high-speed car engines.

The lower camshaft is driven by the crankshaft timing gear. When the engine is working, the crankshaft drives the camshaft to rotate through the timing gear. When the rising section of the cam pushes up the tappet, the rocker arm is pushed to swing around the rocker arm shaft through the push rod and the valve clearance adjustment screw, and the valve spring is compressed to open the valve. When the descending section of the cam contacts the tappet, the valve is gradually closed under the force of the valve spring.

Each cylinder of a four-stroke engine completes a working cycle, and each cylinder enters and exhausts once. At this time, the crankshaft makes two revolutions, while the camshaft only rotates once, so the rotational speed ratio or transmission ratio of the crankshaft to the camshaft is 2:1.

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